European Parliament backs tougher migration rules to increase returns
The European Parliament has approved new legislation aimed at accelerating the return of irregular migrants, introducing stricter measures that reflect a broader shift in EU migration policy.
The proposal, commonly referred to as the “return regulation”, seeks to increase the number of deportations by allowing member states to establish return centres outside EU territory and by tightening rules on detention and re-entry.
Lawmakers adopted the bill with 389 votes in favour, 206 against and 32 abstentions, paving the way for negotiations with EU governments to finalise the legislation.
Under the new framework, EU countries would be able to transfer migrants without legal status to third countries, even if those countries are not their place of origin, provided agreements are in place to host designated return facilities.
Expanded powers and stricter measures
The regulation also introduces changes to detention and entry bans. Migrants awaiting return could be held for up to 24 months, while those considered a security risk may face long-term or open-ended bans from re-entering the EU.
In addition, the law allows for greater flexibility in handling appeals, meaning that deportations may no longer be automatically suspended while legal challenges are ongoing, depending on judicial decisions.
The Parliament’s version also includes provisions enabling cooperation with non-recognised entities for the purpose of facilitating returns, a move that has raised concerns among some political groups and civil society organisations.
Supporters argue that the reform is necessary to improve the effectiveness of EU migration policy and ensure that individuals without the right to remain are returned more quickly.
Political divisions remain
The vote highlighted divisions within the European Parliament, with conservative and right-leaning groups broadly supporting the measure, while left-wing parties voiced strong opposition.
Some lawmakers criticised the potential implications for fundamental rights, warning that the rules could lead to returns to countries with which migrants have no prior connection.
Others defended the legislation as a pragmatic response to ongoing migration pressures, emphasising the need for a more consistent and enforceable system across the bloc.
The final version of the law will now be negotiated with EU member states, although significant changes are not expected, as both institutions have broadly aligned positions on key elements of the reform.
As discussions move forward, the proposal is likely to remain at the centre of debate over migration, security and the balance between control and rights within the European Union.
